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What really happened in the years, months, and minutes before one of the world's largest oil spills?
全世界其中一起最嚴重漏油事件的前數年、數月及數分鐘到底發生了什麼事?

  On the evening of April 20, 2010, the crew aboard the Deepwater Horizon, an oil rig situated in the Gulf of Mexico, had just finished testing the safety on a recently completed well. Just hours after the well was given the green light, a bubble of methane gas, which would later ignite the rig and engulf it entirely in flamesescaped. The rig's 126 crew members had less than five minutes toevacuate. Sadly, only 115 made it.
  Two days later, the Deepwater Horizon sank after burning for more than a day. Around the same time, it became public that crude oil was gushing from the well at the seabed, but the details regarding the severity of the spill werecontradictory and considerably downplayed. The world then watched the largest oil spill and environmental disaster unfold. It took nearly three months to stop the oil from spewing into the ocean, but the cleanup effort is far from over.
  The events leading up to the explosion and subsequent oil spill have sincesparked an abundance of litigations that will continue for many years. Blame has been tossed back and forth, but ultimately, the courts have ruled that BP, the company that was leasing the rig at the time of the catastrophe, is chieflyresponsible. Probing done into the years, months, and minutes before thecalamity has revealed a chain of events that point to human negligence as the root of the accident. Decisions were made, suggestions were ignored, andevidence was tampered with, which are all investigated on National Geographic Channel's Seconds from Disaster.

 
  1. give sb/sth the green light
    給某人∕某事許可
    David is waiting for his doctor to give him the green light to play in Saturday's game.
    大衛正在等他的醫生准許他在週六的比賽出場。
  2. ignite vt. & vi. 點燃
    The oily rags ignited as soon as the match landed on them.
    沾滿油污的碎布一碰到火柴就燒了起來。
  3. engulf vt. 吞沒
    When the smoke engulfed him, Peter started gasping for air.
    當濃煙吞沒了彼得,他開始嗆得喘不過氣。
  4. in flames  在燃燒,陷入烈焰之中
    The barn was already in flames by the time the fire fighters arrived.
    等到消防員抵達時,整個穀倉已陷入一片火海中。
  5. evacuate vt. & vi. 撤離
    The children were evacuated to a safe area due to a bomb threat.
    由於炸彈的威脅,孩子們被撤離到安全的地區。
  6. downplay vt. 對……輕描淡寫
    Sam attempted to downplay his role in the affair.
    山姆試圖替自己在這一事件中的責任開脫。
  7. unfold vi. 展開
    As the story unfolded, I discovered that Richard was actually a spy.
    隨著故事逐漸明朗,我發現理查其實是名間諜。
  8. be far from...  一點也不……
    = be not... at all
    It is far from clear what John intends to do.
    約翰想要怎麼做一點也不明確。
  9. lead up to...  導致……
    Numerous problems led up to Sandy leaving her husband.
    數不清的問題導致珊蒂離開她丈夫。
  10. subsequent a. 後來的
    Willy won the first spelling bee but failed the subsequent ones.
    威利贏得第一次的拼字比賽,但之後幾次都與冠軍無緣。
  11. spark vt. 引發;激發
    The riot was sparked by a police officer attacking peaceful demonstrators with pepper spray.
    一名警察用辣椒噴霧攻擊和平示威的群眾引發了暴動。
  12. toss vt. 扔,拋
    After reading the note, David tossed it into the trash can.
    大衛看完那張紙條後,就把它扔到垃圾桶裡。
  13. probe vi. 調查
    probe into...  徹底調查……
    = look into...
    = investigate vt.
    The FBI probed into the case after the police came up with no leads.
    在警方想不出線索後,聯邦調查局調查了這樁案子。
  14. negligence n. 疏忽
    neglect vt. 疏忽;忽視
    The manager neglected his duties and was eventually fired.
    那個經理怠忽職守,最後被炒魷魚。
  15. the root of...  ……的根源∕原因
    Some people say that money is the root of all evil.
    有些人認為金錢是萬惡的根源。
  16. tamper with...  擅自篡改……
    tamper vt. & vi. 篡改;瞎搞
    Henry had a suspicion that someone had tampered with his research.
    亨利懷疑有人篡改了他的研究。
  1. an oil spill  漏油
  2. rig n. 鑽油台
  3. well n. 油井
  4. methane n. 甲烷
  5. escape vi. 漏出
  6. a crew member  (機組或船務)工作人員
  7. crude oil  原油
  8. gush vi. 噴出;大量湧出
  9. regarding prep. 關於
  10. severity n. 嚴重(性)
  11. contradictory a. 矛盾的
  12. considerably adv. 相當地
  13. spew vi. & vt. 噴出
  14. cleanup n. 清理
  15. abundance n. 豐富
    an abundance of...  大量的∕充分的……
  16. litigation n. 訴訟
  17. ultimately adv. 最後
  18. rule vt. 判決
  19. lease vt. 租用
  20. catastrophe n. 災難
  21. chiefly adv. 主要地
  22. calamity n. 災難
  23. a chain of...  一連串的……
  1. make it  成功做到
  2. point to...  表明……

evidence 的用法
注意
evidence(證據)為集合名詞,不可數,故若要表達『一項證據』時應說 a piece of evidence,而非 an evidence。另外,『一些證據』應說 some evidence,『許多證據』應說 a lot of evidence。
The new piece of evidence confirmed the man's guilt.
那項新證據證實了那名男子的罪行。
The police collected a lot of evidence against the suspect.
警方收集了許多對該嫌犯不利的證據。

 

重返危機現場
全世界其中一起最嚴重漏油事件的前數年、數月及數分鐘到底發生了什麼事?
  2010 年 4 月 20 日傍晚,在『深水地平線』這座位於墨西哥灣鑽油台上的工作人員才剛結束對這座甫竣工油井的安全測試。就在該油井通過測試的數小時後,一股甲烷氣體從油井中漏出,隨後造成油井起火燃燒,並將整座油井吞沒於火焰中。該油井的 126 位工作人員只有不到 5 分鐘的時間撤離。不幸地,只有 115 人成功撤離。
  兩天後,『深水地平線』在燃燒超過 1 天之後沉沒。幾乎在同一時間,原油從位於海底的油井中大量湧出成了眾所皆知的事,但有關漏油嚴重性的細節卻眾說紛紜且被極度輕描淡寫。接著全世界就眼睜睜看著最嚴重的漏油事件及環境災難在他們眼前呈現。相關人員花了大約 3 個月的時間才停止原油繼續噴出至海洋中,但距離結束清理工作還遙遙無期。
  從當時起,導致爆炸及隨後漏油的事件已引發了許多將會持續多年的訴訟。各方互相指責,但最終法院判決在災難當時租用該油井的英國石油公司要負絕大部份的責任。針對災難發生前數年、數月及數分鐘進行的調查顯示,一連串的事件都表明人為疏失是意外的根源。已經做的決定、被忽略的建議還有遭到竄改的證據,這些都是國家地理頻道的《重返危機現場》節目所要調查的。

資料來源:常春藤電子報

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