Being stuck in a traffic jam is perhaps the worst thing that can happen at the end of a long day. It's a problem that affects commuters in major cities all over the world. In some of the worst affected cities, commuters spend two to three hours each day traveling to and from work. Motorists on China National Highway 110 were even jammed for two weeks in August of 2010. Needless to say, there has been no shortage of methods aimed at solving traffic jams. London has one of the world's most comprehensive schemes for reducing traffic going into the city's bustling central district. In 2003, a congestion charge was introduced for vehicles entering the city center between 7:00 AM and 6:00 PM on weekdays. The charge is equal to NT$500 per day, and motorists can pay monthly via an automated system which detects how many times their cars enter the congestion zone and deducts the fees from their registered accounts. They hope that the traffic would be reduced substantially as people relied more onpublic transportation. However, even though the congestion dropped 30 percent during the first three years, the current level is back to what it was before the scheme was implemented. The Netherlands, with one of the most congested traffic zones in Europe, is planning to put into practice a pay-per-kilometer scheme, where motorists will be monitored by GPS and charged according to the distances they drive. In Beijing, a monthly lottery issuing a limited number of new vehicle license plates to hopeful car owners attempts to keep the capital free of congestion. Traffic jams are here to stay, but cities are working on ways to reduce them.
1. What problem did Chinese motorists face in August of 2010? (A) A 30 percent increase in gas prices. (B) A traffic jam that lasted 14 days on a major highway. (C) A suspension of Beijing's monthly lottery for new license plates. (D) A charge on all vehicles entering the capital. 2. What did London do to reduce traffic? (A) Banned all use of private cars on the weekdays. (B) Held a lottery for those wanting to enter the city during the week. (C) Gave each resident a free bicycle to encourage cycling to work. (D) Introduced a special daily charge for driving a car into the city. 3. Which of the following statements is true? (A) It costs NT$500 to drive a car into Beijing. (B) Only in Asia and Europe are traffic jams a problem. (C) The Netherlands has one of Europe's most congested traffic areas. (D) London's congestion charge has had a lasting effect on its traffic problem.
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