國際貿易是威脅物種生存的要角
◎陳成良
Nearly a third of animal species under threat in developing nations can be linked to global trade of manufactured goods and commodities such as sugar, coffee and cocoa, researchers said on Wednesday.
開發中國家近3分之1動物物種生存受到威脅，可能與製造業商品以及諸如糖、咖啡和可可等原物料的全球貿易有關，研究人員週三說。
Policies aimed at curbing threats to species should take into account not only local producers who degrade the land but also foreign consumers who benefit from products at the expense of the habitat, said a study led by the University of Sydney.
旨在遏制威脅物種的政策，應將導致土地退化的當地生產商，和從以犧牲（動物）棲息地為代價的產品中受益的外國消費者，都納入考慮範圍，這項由雪梨大學進行的研究稱。
"Excluding invasive species, we found that 30 percent of species threats are due to international trade," said the study, published in the June 7 edition of Nature.
研究稱：「排除入侵物種，我們發現30%的物種生存受到威脅是因為國際貿易。」這項研究發表在6月7日的《自然》期刊上。
For example, the spider monkey is endangered and threatened by habitat loss linked to coffee and cocoa plantations in Mexico and Central America, which export their products abroad.
例如，蜘蛛猴因棲息地減少，生存受到威脅，這與墨西哥和中美洲的咖啡和可可種植，並將產品銷往國外有關。
The United States, the European Union and Japan are the main destinations for commodities associated with species threats, while Indonesia and Malaysia are among the biggest exporters, the study found.
美國、歐盟和日本是威脅物種生存原物料的主要目的地，而印尼和馬來西亞都是這些商品最大出口國之一，研究發現。
"To combat biodiversity loss, policies aimed at producers, traders and consumers must be implemented in parallel," the authors wrote.（Reuters）
「為了因應生物多樣性的流失，針對生產商、貿易商和消費者的政策必須齊頭並進」，研究作者寫道。（路透）
資料來源：自由時報電子報
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