1. For the past few years, being a mathematician or an actuary topped the list because of their relaxed environments and low physical demands.理由: a. 空格前有所有格 their(他們的),其後有名詞 environment(環境),可知空格內應置入形容詞或可作形容詞的分詞,修飾 environment。 b. 符合上述的選項計有 (B) opposite(相反的)、(D) relaxed(輕鬆的),以及 (I) backbreaking(非常辛苦的),惟 relaxed 置入後符合語意,可知應選 (D)。
2. While there is still a lot of math involved, it's easy to see that the world is turning into a technology-based society.理由: a. 空格前後有 be 動詞 is 和名詞詞組 a technology-based society(科技化社會),可知空格應置入及物動詞或片語及物動詞的現在分詞形。 b. 符合上述的選項只有 (J) turning into(轉變成……),置入後亦符合語意,故選之。 c. turn into... 轉變成……(= change into...) 例: The caterpillar will turn into a butterfly inside its cocoon. (毛毛蟲會在繭裡面蛻變成蝴蝶。)
3. People are needed to build apps for the iPad and iPhone, develop more video games and software, and expand...理由: a. 空格前有不定詞 to,空格後有名詞詞組 more video games and software(更多的遊戲和軟體),可知空格內應置入原形的及物動詞或片語及物動詞。 b. 符合上述的選項有 (A) develop(研發)、(C) order(命令,指揮)、(G) impact(影響)和 (H) maintain(保養;維修),惟 develop 置入後符合語意,可知應選 (A)。
4. Mathematician came in second, while actuary was third on the list.理由: a. 空格前有主詞 Mathematician(數學家),後有表名次的名詞 second(第 2 名),且根據本句時態,可知空格應置入過去式的及物動詞或片語及物動詞。 b. 符合上述的選項有 (E) came in(得到……名次)和 (F) imposed(把……強加於),惟 came in 置入後符合語意,並形成以下固定用法: come in + 名次 得到……名次 例: Linda came in fifth out of the 2,000 people in the essay contest. (琳達在 2 千人參加的作文比賽中得到第 5 名。) c. 根據上述,可知應選 (E)。
5. Rounding out the rest of the top 10 in order were statistician, ..., and dental hygienist.理由: a. 空格前有介詞 in,可知空格內應置入名詞。 b. 選項中為名詞的有 (B) opposite(相反的事物)、(C) order(順序)和 (G) impact(影響),惟 order 置入後符合語意,並與 in 形成下列固定用法: in order 按順序 例: Please do things in order. Don't put the cart before the horse. (做事請按部就班,切勿本末倒置。) c. 根據上述,可知 (C) 應為正選。
6. On the opposite end of the spectrum, long hours, low pay, high risk of injury, ...made being a roustabout the worst job of 2011.理由: a. 空格前有定冠詞 the,後有名詞 end(末端),可知空格內應置入形容詞或可作形容詞的分詞,修飾 end。 b. 符合上述的選項有 (B) opposite(相反的)以及 (I) backbreaking(非常辛苦的),惟 opposite 置入後符合語意,可知應選 (B)。 c. opposite a. 相反的 & n. 相反的事物 例: My sister and I hold opposite views on the issue of capital punishment. (我和妹妹對死刑的議題持相反意見。)
7. Roustabouts maintain oil rigs and pipelines on and off shore.理由: a. 空格前有主詞 Roustabouts(非技術工人),後有受詞 oil rigs and pipelines(鑽油設備和輸油管),且根據下一句時態,可知空格內應置入及物動詞或片語及物動詞的現在式。 b. 選項中為原形及物動詞的有 (G) impact(影響)和 (H) maintain(維修;保養),然根據語意,可知應選 (H)。 c. maintain vt. 維修;保養;維持 例: It costs a lot of money to maintain the giant building. (這棟龐大的建築物維修起來耗費甚鉅。)
8. It's a backbreaking job with unpredictable hours and can be very dangerous in certain parts of the world that have unstable governments.理由: a. 空格前有不定冠詞 a,後有名詞 job(工作),可知空格內應置入形容詞或可作形容詞的分詞。 b. 符合上述的選項僅剩 (I) backbreaking(非常辛苦的),置入後亦符合語意,故選之。 c. backbreaking a. 非常辛勞的 例: James spent four hours doing the backbreaking job of weeding the garden. (詹姆士花了 4 小時在花園做辛苦的除草工作。)
9. Also, due to the recent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, the US has imposed a seven-year ban on drilling, ...理由: a. 空格前有表現在完成式的助動詞 has,後有名詞詞組 a seven-year ban(7 年禁令),可知空格內應置入過去分詞形的及物動詞。 b. 符合上述的選項僅剩 (F) imposed(把……強加於),置入後亦符合語意,故選之。 c. impose vt. 把……強加於 impose A on B 把 A 施加∕加諸於 B impose a ban on... 對……施以禁令 例: The government has imposed a ban on smoking in public places. (政府已下達在公共場所吸菸的禁令。)
10. Most of these jobs were ranked low because of the negative impact they have on workers' bodies.理由: a. 空格前有定冠詞 the 和形容詞 negative(負面的),可知空格內應置入名詞。 b. 選項中為名詞的僅剩 (G) impact(影響),置入後亦符合語意,故選之。 c. impact n. 影響;衝擊 have an impact on... 對……有影響∕衝擊 例: The writer's style had a deep impact on his literary successors. (這位作家的寫作風格對後世文人有深遠的影響。)
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